What type of research methodology usually ends with a review of literature?

The chosen answer is appropriate because exploratory research is often characterized by an initial phase that aims to gather insights and develop a deeper understanding of a problem or phenomenon. This type of research is primarily qualitative and emphasizes discovering new ideas and relationships rather than testing a specific hypothesis.

At the conclusion of exploratory research, researchers typically conduct a review of existing literature. This literature review is crucial as it helps to contextualize the findings, identify gaps in knowledge, and formulate questions for further investigation. By reviewing previous studies, researchers can build upon existing theories or insights, ensuring that their work contributes to the broader field of study.

In contrast, the other methodologies mentioned typically serve different purposes. Descriptive research focuses on describing characteristics or functions of a particular subject, often using quantitative analysis, without necessarily leading to a review of prior studies. Causal research aims to identify cause-and-effect relationships, often through experimental designs, and generally revolves around the testing of hypotheses rather than literature review. Evaluative research assesses the effectiveness of programs or interventions; it may involve a review of literature but is more focused on outcomes rather than exploratory insights. Thus, exploratory research distinctly stands out for its focus on literature review as a foundational step.